5,609 Free Photos of Child Labor

historyhistoricalnational child labor committee collectionwhitnel cotton manufacturing companynewsboyhigh-resolution tiff images from the national archives and records administrationflorence kelley
Olga Schubert, 855 Gruenwald St. The little 5 yr. old after a day's work that began about 5-00 A.M. helping her mother in the Biloxi Canning Factory, begun at an early hour, was tired out LOC cph.3a01114
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Ollie Johnson. Bible records shows her 10 years old. She goes into the Anniston Mfg. Co. regularly to help her sister Annie spin. Her mother admits it also. Says all the children learn to LOC nclc.02940
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Mother and three children - Roderez family, E. Falmouth, Mass. James - 8 years; Manuel 5; Marion, the baby, 4. They pick 28 measures a day. Mother sayd, 'We can't pick fast cause the baby is LOC nclc.00183
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Nannie Coleson, looper who said she was 11 years old, and has been working in the Crescent Hosiery Mill for some months. Makes about $3 a week. Has been through the 5th grade in school. She LOC cph.3b19288
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Nearly Sold Out! 'Basket ! Five Cents Each!' Antoinette Siminger, 12 years old, 4219 Glenway Ave., Price Hill, Sixth St., Market, Cincinnati. 10 P.M. Had been selling since morning. LOC nclc.03198
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Mule room - Group of back boys 14 -16 years old. Overseer kept two boys out of picture because below par physically. Two boys on right had adenoids so that they had great difficulty in LOC cph.3b15894
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Mrs. Raphael Marengin, (...) St., first floor rear. Pepine, 10 yrs. old, cracking nuts with her teeth. The mother had just been doing the same. Carmine, 8 years old, has cross eyes, and with LOC cph.3a39222
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Lawrence McCarthy, 75 Hafford St. Henry Doyal (smaller boy), 721 Bay St. Matthias Rindan, 823 Grinnell St. Edward Myles, (smallest), 198 Tecumseh St., Fall River, August 26, 1911. LOC nclc.03746
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Phelps School -56; Miss Gray, Teacher. Miss Gray has been there just this year. School opened September 4th-7 months term. 16 present; 22 out on account of cotton. Entrollment 28, average LOC nclc.00613
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Sarah Crutcher, 12-year-old girl herding cattle. Route 4, c-o S.O. Crutcher. She was out of school (-49 Comanche County) only 2 weeks this year and that was to herd 100 head of cattle for LOC nclc.00684
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Sarah Crutcher, 12-year-old girl herding cattle. Route 4, c-o S.O. Crutcher. She was out of school (-49 Comanche County) only 2 weeks this year and that was to herd 100 head of cattle for LOC nclc.00683
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Workers in Miller & Vidor Lumber Co. Dangerous work. Charlie McBride said twelve years old. This twelve year old boy has a steady job. He takes the slabs out of the chute which has a moving LOC nclc.04911
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William Tobias 80 Grattan St., Brooklyn -12 yrs old. Boy was starting for the subway to sell papers on 'trains until 6 A.M. 'Cause termorrer dey haint no school and I kin sleep all day and LOC nclc.03172
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Willie Cherry, a 6 year old helper in Massey Hosiery Mill, Columbus, Ga. She has been going to school and helping her step-brother, Lawrence Webb, regularly after school. Her mother has LOC nclc.02849
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Whitnel Cotton Mfg. Co., Whitnel, N.C. Running at night. Out of 50 employees there, 10 were about 12 years old, and some surely under that. See photos -435 and 436. LOC cph.3b05637
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Whitnel (N.C.) Cotton Mills. Everyone in this family except the mother, works in the mill. Father earns $1.00 a day. Smallest girl, Annie Philips, been there only a few months, earns nearly LOC nclc.01553
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Group of boys who work at the Brown Shoe Factory. Charlie Hopson, surely under 14, has been working there one year. Harry True, probably under 14, been working there one year. Harold Hopson LOC nclc.04718
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Homer Hunt, 11-year old berry picker. Says he has been out of school half the time for some weeks picking, and has made $10. Gets 10 cents a gallon. They are wild blackberries. The teacher LOC nclc.00470
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John Dowers, 7 years old, lives at 108 W. Frisco St. Starts out at 5 a.m. some days. Father is blind and sells newspapers. John is a pretty good beggar. Was seen trying to borrow a dollar LOC nclc.04015
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Johnnie, a nine-year-old oyster shucker. Man with pipe is a padrone who had brought these people from Baltimore for four years. He said, 'I tell you I have to lie to 'em. Ther're never LOC cph.3c16477
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Johnnie, a nine-year-old oyster shucker. Man with pipe is a padrone who had brought these people from Baltimore for four years. He said, 'I tell you I have to lie to 'em. Ther're never LOC cph.3c16477
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Ten-year old Sephie, a young oyster shucker, says she does six pots of oysters a day. Her mother works also. 'She don't go to school. Works all the time.' Maggioni Canning Co. LOC nclc.00987
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Stephen Warren, 284 Main St., Indian Orchard. Has doffed all summer in Indian Orchard Mfg. Co. Quit a few days ago but expects to get another job soon. Says he will not go to school. LOC nclc.02277
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Jewel and Harold Walker, 6 and 5 years old, pick 20 to 25 pounds of cotton a day. Father said- 'I promised em a little wagon if they'd pick steady, and now they have half a bagful in just a LOC cph.3a32050
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These boys work in Amoskeag Mills, Manchester, N.H. Emil Brassaid, 364 Collegiate St. Adolph Belodern, 441 Vernon St. Oscar Pronla, 174 Cartier St. E. W. Lord, witness. He counted 30 LOC nclc.01804
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Six-year old Tildy helps a little in the beet work, on a Colorado farm near Rocky Ford. Her father is German. He said- 'I don't work my children until they are older.' Another German farmer LOC nclc.00257
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Sugar beet workers, Sugar City, Colorado. Mary, six years, Lucy, eight, Ethel, ten. Family has been here ten years. Children go to school in the winter. See Hine Report, Colorado Beet LOC nclc.00267
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Slebzak family (Polish) working on Bot(t)omley farm, near Baltimore, Md. They have worked here 3 years and one winter at Avery Island, Louisiana. All work except the very smallest. She hangs LOC nclc.00011
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A typical group of Postal Messengers in Norfolk, Va. Smallest on left end, Wilmore Johnson, been there one year. Works days only. The Postal boys are not nearly so young, in Norfolk and also LOC nclc.03730
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A typical San Antonio newsboy. Nine years old. Youngsters like this abound, here and in many other Texas cities. Some sell early in morning and late at night. LOC nclc.03872
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Branch of St. Louis firm.) Peter's Shoe Co. Boy on left end is Harry Chrystal, (Add. Box -9, De Soto) an inveterate smoker. He is a 'brusher,' gets $3 a week; has worked one summer; is on LOC nclc.04686
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Dependent (able-bodied) Parents. Fries, Va. Family of Albert Senter. He said, 'I don't work steady. Have a garden here.' Eleven year old Mandy has learned to 'spin' by 'helping.' She said, LOC nclc.02140
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Donald Mallick, ('Happy'), 203 King Street. 9 years of age, selling newspapers 5 years. Average earnings 35 cents a week. Sells from choice. Father, rivet driver, $20 weekly. 'Happy' is well LOC nclc.03579
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Charlie Foster has a steady job in the Merrimack Mills. School Record says he is now ten years old. His father told me that he could not read, and still he is putting him into the mill. See LOC nclc.02901
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Addie Card, 12 years. Spinner in North Pormal (i.e., Pownal) Cotton Mill. Vt. Girls in mill say she is ten years. She admitted to me she was twelve; that she started during school vacation LOC cph.3a20286
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Acme School -24 (4 miles northwest of Shawnee)- Miss Lois Millard, Principal. (P.O. Dale, Okla., Route 1). 26 present, 40 expected after all families return from southern part of the state LOC nclc.00624
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Obear Nestor Works. East St. Louis, Ill. Names of the smaller boys are- Walter Kohler, 981 N. 18th St.; Walter Riley, 918 N. 17th St.; Will Convery, 1828 Natalie Ave.; Clifford Matheny, 1827 LOC nclc.01285
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After midnight April 17, 1912 G St., near 14th, these three boys 10 yrs, 11 yrs. and 12 yrs. old, were stuck with over 50 papers on their hands, and vowed they would stay until they sold out LOC nclc.03788
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1-30 A.M. Peter, 15 years old (on left). Employed in camphor works. Air full of camphor. Sells papers Saturday nights until 3 A.M. One of a dozen boys who sleep in car barn these nights. LOC nclc.03798
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10 year old leaf boy and three 'stringers' 10, 12, and 13 years old. Tobacco shed of American Sumatra Tobacco Co. In these two sheds were 41 girls and boys from 10 to 15 years old, and only LOC nclc.00702
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10 yr old girl tending stand at 4th and Garden Streets. On the right is entrance to bar room of saloon. Stand is owned by Mr. Rakoff, whose daughters, 11 yrs. and 13 yrs. old, take turns LOC nclc.03827
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All are workers in the Rome (Ga.) Hosiery Mill. Two working at 11 y(ea)rs. Some working here only 9 and 10 y(ea)rs old. The youngest workers get about $3. a week for turning, knitting, or LOC nclc.02744
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All these I saw regularly at work during work hours in Richmond Spinning Mills. Tiny girl on left, five years old, is Goldie, who helps her sister, girl back of her. When I tried to get a LOC nclc.01970
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All these I saw regularly at work during work hours in Richmond Spinning Mills. Tiny girl on left, five years old, is Goldie, who helps her sister, girl back of her. When I tried to get a LOC nclc.01971
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Averzano family, Room 24, 2-4 Prince St., N.Y. Photo taken at 1-30 P.M. Mar. 6th, a school day, and Josephine said she wasn't going to school this week on account of the work. 'I like to LOC cph.3a26904
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Andy Kormack, 9 years old, and Samuel Kormack, 7 years old, Newsboys. 1712 Church St. Andy been selling papers 2 years. Average earnings 50 cents week. Earnings not needed at home. Sells LOC nclc.03617
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Boy on left hand end (hands in pocket) is Peter Carlos, been working in mill for 1 1-2 years. Smallest boy is... - NARA - 523197
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Children hoeing on farm near Mt. Vernon, Ky. Go to Mt. Vernon Graded School. Mamie, 7 years, Grace, 9 years, Marguerite, 12 years and Everett, 14 years. Father, Alfred Bryant, Mt. Vernon LOC nclc.00473
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Cutting tobacco on farm of A.G.W. Gish, Route 3, Henderson. Boys 10, 13 and 15 years will all go to Niaara School, Div. 4, Henderson Co., when it opens next week. New building. The 2 younger LOC nclc.00523
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143 Hudson St., ground floor. Mrs. Salvia; Joe, 10 years old; Josephine, 14 years old; Camille, 7 years old. Picking nuts in a dirty tenement home. The bag of cracked nuts (on chair) had LOC nclc.05479
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Pioneer School -13 (6 miles northwest of Shawnee) opened October 2nd 7 months term. Miss Lela Ginsinger, Principal (been here 2 years). Photo shows only 6 children present and 2 teachers in LOC nclc.00636
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Pioneer School -13 (6 miles northwest of Shawnee) opened October 2nd-7 months term. Miss Lela Ginsinger, Principal (been here 2 years). Photo shows only 6 children present and 2 teachers in LOC nclc.00635
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Edgar Kitchen 13 yrs. old gets $3.25 a week working for the Bingham Bros. Dairy. Drives dairy wagon from 7 A.M. to noon. Works on farm in afternoon (10 hours a day) seven days a week-half LOC cph.3b18654
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Edgar Kitchen 13 yrs. old gets $3.25 a week working for the Bingham Bros. Dairy. Drives a dairy wagon from 7 A.M. to noon. Works on farm in afternoon (10 hours a day) seven days a week-half LOC nclc.00491
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Edgar Kitchen 13 yrs. old gets $3.25 a week working for the Bingham Bros. Dairy. Drives a dairy wagon from 7 A.M. to noon. Works on farm in afternoon (10 hours a day) seven days a week-half LOC nclc.00497
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Edgar Kitchen 13 yrs. old gets $3.25 a week working for the Bingham Bros. Dairy. Drives dairy wagon from 7 A.M. to noon. Works on farm in afternoon (10 hours a day) seven days a week-half LOC nclc.00493
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Edna Smilley, R.D. 1. Eighteen years old and sister seven years old pick seventy-five pounds of cotton a day. 'We'd ruther do anything than pick cotton,' Edna said. Schools open November LOC cph.3c15400
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Maple Mill, Dillon, S.C. Jasper Prevatt (smallest). Has doffed 3 years. Ben-Runs 3 sides. In mill 4 years. Lillian (next) Winds-In mill 8 years. Blennie (next). Bertha-winds. In mill 8 LOC nclc.01486
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Maple Mills, Dillon, S.C. Lonnie Baker (tallest). Has doffed 4 years. Gets 40 cents a day. Bertie Baser-10 years old. 3 years in mill. Runs 3 sides = 30 cents a day. LOC nclc.01485
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At the close of the day. Just up from the shaft. All work below ground in aPennsylvania Coal Mine. Smallest boy, next to right hand end is a nipper. On his right is Arthur, a driver, Jo on LOC cph.3a24706
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Making dresses for Campbell Kid Dolls in a dirty tenement room, 59 Thompson St., N.Y. 4th floor front. Romana family. The older boy, about 12 years old, operates the machine when the mother LOC nclc.05492
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Newsies selling on Court St., 8 P.M. Left to right- Frank Spegeale, 13 years old, 72 Terrace St.; Dominick Gagliani, 10 years old, 230 Court St.; Charlie Decarlo, 8 years old; Anthony LOC nclc.03404
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Meyer Slein a 12 year old newsie who has been on streets until late night and with bad associates. Kept irregular hours. Stole from large retail stores. Often stayed away from home all LOC nclc.03510
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Going back to work. Youngest boy is Richard Millsap. The family record in bible says he is 11 years old - born Jan 22, 1903 (doubtful), and father says 12 years old. He appears to be under 9. Works LOC nclc.02927
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Eleven-year old Elizabeth who has been working in the sugar beets near Ordway, Colorado, for one year. The family moved here from Southern Russia three years ago. She said- 'I don't like the LOC nclc.00262
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Hard workers. Grady Carroll. Nine year old cotton picker. He picks two hundred pounds a day. Brother Ed ten years old picks three huundred pounds a day. Another brother thirteen years old LOC nclc.05541
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Harry Cherkos, 435 Catherine St, 7 years of age, sells papers, from 2-30 to 8 P.M. daily. 10 A.M. to midnight on Saturday. Income, 50 cents per day. This boy was caught gambling on Chestnut LOC cph.3b15897
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Harry Silverstein, Newsboy, 703 W. 6th St., 7 years old. Sells papers, (selling 3 months average earnings 25 cents per week). Father working Morocco Mills, earns $18 weekly. Boy's earnings LOC nclc.03610
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Harry Silverstein, Newsboy, 703 W. 6th St., 7 years old. Sells papers, (selling 3 months average earnings 25 cents per week). Father working Morocco Mills, earns $18 weekly. Boy's earnings LOC nclc.03609
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Group of tobacco pickers in Bermant plantation, 3 were 10 yrs., 3 were 11 yrs., 13 were 12, 12 were 13 yrs., 2 - 14 yrs. old. The owner said, 'They all get $1.25 a day.' LOC nclc.00699
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Group, all working in -2 Spinning Room. Smallest boy (right hand end of front row) is Rene Barbin, 61 Perkins St. Next to Rene is Philip Beaulieu (see 2628). Next to Philip is Alfred LOC nclc.02401
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Francis Manning, 406 Main St., Palmer Mass. Said he was 11 years old and 'helps' Arthur Phaneuf in Palmer Carpet Factory during vacation. 'I take off the cobs and put on empty spools. I do LOC nclc.04767
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Great Falls Mfg. Co. Boy on left hand is William Dosmaris, 2 Hornes Court. Been working 6 months. Boy on right hand Albert Papin (13 years old now), 77 Main Street. Is a 'helper.' Works LOC nclc.01761
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In neighborhood of Maple Mill, Dillon, S.C. Lawrence Faircloth (taller boy) 'Don't know how old I am.' Been in mill 2 years. Runs 3 sides Albert Bartlett (barefoot) Looked 8 years old. In LOC nclc.01456
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Howard Williams, thirteen year old delivery boy for Shreveport, La. Drug Company. He works from 9-30 A.M. to 10-30 P.M.; has been here three months. Goes to the Red Light every day and LOC cph.3b00364
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Family of Fred Karb and their mud shack - beet workers near Sterling, Colo. They all work from 5-30 A.M. to 7-00 P.M. with about an hour for lunch. The 6 and 8 yr. olds pull and pile, -10 LOC nclc.05583
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Family of Mrs. Mette making flowers in a very dirty tenement, 302 Mott St, top floor. Josephine, 13 yrs. old, helps out side school hours until 9 P.M. sometimes. She is soon to be 14 and LOC cph.3b45427
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Family of Manuel Mederas, 71 Davis St., Has been a sweeper for one year in Nashawena Mill; he says he gets six dollars a week. Has lived in New Bedford six years. His father, Joseph, works LOC nclc.02467
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Family of Fred Karb and their mud shack - beet workers near Sterling, Colo. They all work from 5-30 A.M. to 7-00 P.M. with about an hour for lunch. The 6 and 8 yr. olds pull and pile, -10 LOC nclc.05583
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Family of Mrs. Mette making flowers in a very dirty tenement, 302 Mott St, top floor. Josephine, 13 yrs. old, helps out side school hours until 9 P.M. sometimes. She is soon to be 14 and LOC cph.3b45427
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Factory Inspectors Past and Present. From left to right- Miss Ella Haas, State Factory Inspector, Dayton, O. Miss Mary Malone, State Inspector Ten-Hour Law, Delaware. Mrs. Florence Kelley, LOC nclc.04940
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Factory Inspectors Past and Present. From left to right- Miss Ella Haas, State Factory Inspector, Dayton, O. Miss Mary Malone, State Inspector Ten-Hour Law, Delaware. Mrs. Florence Kelley, LOC nclc.04942
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Furman Owens, 12 years old. Can't read. Don't know A, B, C's. Yes I want to learn but can't when I work all the... - NARA - 523161
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Johns Lewis. Springstein Mill. A typical cotton mill boy. 12 years old -1 year in mill. Weaver-4 looms. Got 40 cents at start-60 cents now. Brother and Pa, in mills. Witness S.R. Hine. LOC cph.3b06140
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On left is Anna Pagnette; said 12 yrs. old, has been helping sister in Glenallen Mill all summer. On right is Alice Dugas; said 11 years old and helps sister Annie spin Glenallen Mill. Annie LOC nclc.02317
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On the tipple at the Bessie Mine, Sloss-Sheffield Steel & Iron Co. by Lewis Hine
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Tallest) Sam Bigham, Eureka Cotton Mills. Been in mill 10 years. (Next) Washey Dover-Been in 3 years. (Next) Lloyd Barnado-2 years in mill. (Smallest) Ernst Floyd-10 years old, 52 inches LOC nclc.01462
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The McNadd family on Truitt's farm at Cannon, Del. Oscar who is 7 years of age is picking berries his third season, averaging 34 quarts per day. Eve, 11 years of age, is picking berries her LOC nclc.00098
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Simon Mellitto (i.e., Melaten,) 314 American St., age 10, newsboy, income 25 to 75 cents per day. Father a locksmith, making about $12 per week. Has a brother who sells also. Edward F. LOC cph.3b03535
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Small shack on Forsythe's Bog, occupied by De Marco family, 10 in the family living in this room. Room is 10 ft. x 11ft. X 5 1-2 ft. high and gable attic above. (See family picking LOC nclc.05308
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Smallest, Robert Magee (left hand), other two are; Edward Foster, 40 Fulton St. and John Neary, 211 Lakeview Ave., front row. Left hand, Robert Magee (see -2617). Right hand, Michael Keefe LOC nclc.02395
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Smallest boy, Max Case, 19 S. 16th St. 8 years old. Makes from 20 cents a day up. Made $3 at Christmas time. Large boy Jo Bruzen 2026 Market St., 9 years. LOC nclc.03464
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Tending stand. New York City. - NARA - 523328
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Spinners. Smallest girl - Pearlie Turner, 408 East Long Ave. Been at it 3 years and runs six and seven sides. Her Sister (largest girl) runs only four sides. I found other cases where LOC nclc.01349
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Two young carrying-in boys in Alexandria (Va.) Glass Factory. Frank Clark (on left) 702 N. Patrick St., could neither read nor write, having been to school only a few weeks in his life. Two LOC nclc.01296
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Two families were represented here, topping beets on farm near Ft. Collins, Colo. Out of 12 workers, 7 were children, aged 7- 8- 9- 11- 12- 13- 14- years. This is an exceptional group. LOC nclc.05586
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Tootsie, six yr. old news-boy, sells every day and Sunday for a young uncle who had to spend a good deal of his time driving Tootsie back on the job. Harry Murphy, 809 4 St., S.W., LOC nclc.03782
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Daniel Mfg. Co., Lincolnton, N.C. Four doffers. Boy on left end (knee pants) said he had worked in mills for 7 years and some nights. At nights they work 12 hours, without any hour off for LOC nclc.01378
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2-15 P.M. Some of the 'crew' at ferry, Jersey City, N.J. On extreme left, Sam, 10 yrs. old - 'I've got to support the family,' he said. Small boy on right centre his broth(er), William 12 LOC nclc.03812
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Drift Mouth, San Lick Mine, near Grafton, W. Va. Bank Boss in centre- driver on his right- trapper boy outside. Alfred, about 14. He trapped several years during vacation- said he is going LOC nclc.01063
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